mchenry-crisis.org 249. The Reason Why Yuan Blue And White Flowers Are Precious And Rare!
249. The Reason Why Yuan Blue And White Flowers Are Precious And Rare!
"Actually, a long time ago, we Chinese people had a major cognitive bias towards blue and white porcelain.
"It caused us to suffer a lot."
"Probably in the 1950s, people in our country didn't think that people in the Yuan Dynasty could make blue and white porcelain."
"After all, they are nomads, and they are far behind the Central Plains in terms of porcelain.
"It stands to reason that they can't make this kind of thing at all."
"People at that time agreed that the blue and white paintings of Yongle and Xuande in the early Ming Dynasty were the real ones.
"But at that time, there were a lot of blue and white porcelain on the market with the year name of the Yuan Dynasty written on it.
"So everybody thinks it's a fake."
"People in the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China thought so."
"Later, Sir David, the founder of the British Empire, once came to Kyoto Liulichang to shop for things in modern times."
"He immediately fell in love with a big bottle, a large bottle of blue and white porcelain, such as the kind we saw on TV for calligraphy and painting.
"No matter how you look at it, Sir David thinks that the bottle looks good, it doesn't look like a fake.
"However, the antique dealer thinks this is a fake, because the year name of the Yuan Dynasty is written on this big bottle."
"So, porcelain sold to foreigners at that time."
"As long as it is blue and white porcelain with the year name of the Yuan Dynasty written on it, we in China will sell it as a fake."
"It's not one or two, it's generally believed that, and it can be said that everyone has such a perception."
"For example, let's buy a microwave plate with the words "made in the year of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty" written on it. Everyone will think it is fake."
"So people at that time had this kind of fixed thinking. As long as there is a Yuan Dynasty title, it must be a fake."
"They said these things to fool foreigners, but they never thought that these things were true.
"In fact, blue and white porcelain existed in the Tang Dynasty, and it became completely popular in the Yuan Dynasty."
"So the antique dealers at that time sold it to foreigners in large quantities at low prices as fakes.
"In their eyes, they are Mongolian foreigners, but in today's eyes, it's a bit ironic."
"At that time, Sir David had a deep research on porcelain, and even he didn't think the blue and white porcelain from the Yuan Dynasty was real."
"But no matter how he looks at it, he can't tell that it looks like a fake. It's very beautiful and real."
"He thought, let's forget about it, even if it's a fake, it looks good on display, buy it back first, and you won't lose much.
"As a result, after the 1950s, our Chinese archaeologists discovered many Yuan Dynasty tombs in underground tombs that had not been stolen."
"The Yuan Dynasty blue and white porcelain was excavated from it."
"Now, everyone has come to realize that the Yuan Dynasty actually made such exquisite blue and white porcelain.
"Also, Yuan Qinghua is very, very expensive."
"Scarcity is the most precious thing. The Yuan Dynasty existed for a very short time, and there were not many blue and white porcelains fired at that time."
"In addition to the reason of its raw materials, as well as the war in the later period, Yinxing's Yuan Qinghua also disappeared."
"Now in the history of China's porcelain auctions, Christie's and Sotheby's top two porcelain auction records are Yuan blue and white."
"One is the big jar that Guiguzi went down the mountain, and the other is the jar that chased Han Xin under the moon.
"Among them, Guiguzi sold for 230 million, and Chasing Han Xin sold for 685 million."
"So now a lot of Yuan blue and white are overseas, and they were bought at the price of fakes."
"I'll never get it back. Those who robbed us will never get it back, let alone bought it, and it's even more impossible to get it back."
This paragraph is explained.
Everyone at the scene was silent.
As archaeological excavators, they have always had the heavy responsibility to protect cultural relics.
Hearing such a story, the heart is inevitably a little sad.
The cultural relics of my own country were bought as fakes.
Especially Fang Yang's last sentence.
The ones that were stolen were not returned, and the ones that were bought were even less likely to be returned.
【Qi】+1+1+1+1.
【I was thinking, if we have always insisted that the blue and white porcelain of the Yuan Dynasty is a fake, then isn’t the blue and white porcelain of the Yuan Dynasty still a fake? Anyway, the place of production is in China and we don’t recognize it, so it’s fine?】
[You think too much, and now you have a thermoluminescence test, whether it is a fake or not can be detected directly. Moreover, at that time, the main sales of Yuan Qinghua were not for Huaxia, but for foreigners, so there were many Yuan Qinghua abroad, but not for China. 】
[Even the blue-and-white porcelain in the Yuan Dynasty, I guess it was made by the Han people. If Fang Yang didn’t say it today, I still firmly believe that the Mongolian technology at that time could not make such exquisite blue-and-white porcelain, so those people think he is a fake. normal. 】
[Sad, our country's cultural relics are sold abroad like this. I thought I made a big deal, but it turned out to be picked up by others. If these people are still alive now, knowing that they sold such expensive things at a low price, will they die of anger again. 】
Director Lin sighed after a long silence: "The mistakes made by people in the past may never be undone.
"What modern people can do is to protect these cultural relics as much as possible. After all, it is the proof of our 5,000-year history in China!"
Fang Yang smiled: "You are right."
At this time, the tiger asked abruptly: "You just said that Qinghu Lake existed in the Tang Dynasty at this time. Why didn't people know about it at that time?"
"This..."
"Actually... when a large amount of blue and white porcelain was dug up at that time, the first reaction of the experts was that the blue and white porcelain was really a product of no dynasty."
"However, with the excavation of archaeology later, blue and white porcelain was also found in the ancient tombs of the Tang Dynasty."
"It's just that the blue and white porcelain of the Tang Dynasty was immature and ugly.
"Moreover, during the Tang and Song Dynasties, people preferred celadon and white porcelain, and looked down on blue and white porcelain."
"Blue and white porcelain became the top trend in the Yuan Dynasty.
"The Yuan Dynasty was a very special dynasty, it swept across Europe and Asia, and the government established many regimes.
"The territory at that time was also very, very large."
"The mixing of so many ethnic groups creates an atmosphere of multicultural integration.
"And the variety of Yuan blue and white porcelain is the product of the fusion of multiple civilizations."
"Judging from the color of the blue and white porcelain."
"White is the color revered by Mongolians."
"For example, the yurt, it is white. The costumes of the Mongolian nobles are also white."
"And blue is the most popular color for Muslims."
For example, the roofs of mosques are mostly blue.
"Yuan blue and white are composed of two colors."
"Not only that, but the blue pigment used to paint Yuan blue and white was first imported from Persia."
"The name is Cobalt Material, also called Su Ma Li Qing."
"In terms of size, Yuan blue and white are different from the small and elegant ones popular in the Song Dynasty."
"Most blue and white flowers in the Yuan Dynasty are larger and richer in layers, which is also the embodiment of the bold and unconstrained style of the Mongolians."
"The decorations on the blue and white flowers of the Yuan Dynasty have multicultural imprints."
"It is different from the Tang and Song Dynasties. In the Tang and Song Dynasties, only one or a few blue and white flowers were painted on the white porcelain plate, which is really not good-looking."
"As for the Yuan blue and white porcelain, almost the entire porcelain is covered with dense patterns, very similar to the style of Persian miniature painting."
"Among them, the lotus petal pattern is influenced by Buddhism."
"Grape pattern, vine pattern, with the characteristics of European culture."
"Of course, Yuan blue and white are more influenced by our traditional Chinese culture."
"Because Yuan Qinghua is a product of the Yuan Dynasty, but the technology of firing it is still mastered by the Han people.
"In that era, Jingdezhen was the place where blue and white porcelain was fired."
"The craftsmen use cobalt blue pigment to draw complex patterns on the plain body of blue and white porcelain."
"Then a clear glaze is applied and finally fired."
"This method of underglaze coloring is a very great invention."
"Until today, high-quality porcelain is still painted with underglaze color."
"Secondly, the theme pattern of Yuan blue and white has a clear cultural style of the Central Plains."
"Pine orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum, wishful cloud head, dragon, phoenix, fish and algae, these are very common painted patterns."
"Its theme patterns are even more drawn from historical stories."
"For example, what I told you about Guiguzi going down the mountain, and Chasing Han Xin under the moon. There are also Romance of the West Chamber, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, etc..."
"As for why Yuan blue and white flowers are so rare, on the one hand, I told everyone before that they were sold as fakes.
"On the other hand, the time was turbulent at that time, and the firing time was very short. The firing of Yuan blue and white in Jingdezhen, probably from the 1420s to the 1460s, only burned for a total of 30 to 40 years.
"Besides that, there is another reason."
"The firing of Yuan blue and white requires the import of cobalt from Persia, the quantity of this pigment is very small, and the price is very high, there is no way to achieve mass production.
"Furthermore, the top-quality Yuan blue and white flowers fired in Jingdezhen at that time were not sold to Chinese people."
"It's sold to people in the Middle East and West Asia who are specially made to order."
"At that time, the Persians brought their specialty minerals and came to Jingdezhen, China to order directly.
"We can understand that these Yuan blue and white are raw material processing."
"Than people provide materials, we provide craftsmanship."
"Then it is specially fired for export according to the living customs of Islamic culture."
"So it's rare to see it in China."
"Moreover, there are many craftsmen from Middle East and West Asia who directly participated in the design of the textures and patterns on it."
"After these Yuan blue and white flowers were fired in Jingdezhen, they were directly sent to the Middle East and West Asia for use by nobles."
"For example, the Topkapi Palace Museum with the largest collection I mentioned earlier has a mural in it.
"The mural depicts the nobles sitting at a banquet, and the blue and white porcelain from the Yuan Dynasty is placed on the table."
"Do you know how expensive Yuan Qinghua was at that time?"
Everyone shook their heads.
They don't know that.
The number of modern Yuan blue and white is so small that there is no chance to study it.
Not to mention the price at that time.
Fang Yang smiled and said, "One blue and white porcelain bowl costs 30 taels of silver!"
Hiss~~
Everyone was stunned.
Although they have not experienced that era.
But watching TV also knows that 30 taels is enough for an ordinary farmer to feed for many years.
You can even eat it for a lifetime.
But blue and white porcelain, just a bowl, costs 30 taels.
How can ordinary people afford it!
【Weather】+1+1+1+1....
[I have learned a lot. I have always heard that Yuan Qinghua is very expensive, but I never know why it is expensive. It turns out that there are so many reasons combined together. It's hard to imagine that in that era, two bowls of 3 (Wang Hao) could not even be afforded by ordinary rich people. 】
[Didn't Fang Yang say that this blue and white porcelain is sold abroad, and the blue and white materials are all imported from abroad?
Yes, it is estimated that only nobles or very rich people can use it in China. I searched the Internet just now, and the blue and white of the Tang Dynasty and the blue and white of the Yuan Dynasty are more than a little bit different. 】
[The pattern of Yuan blue and white is indeed very complicated and cumbersome, which is why our handmade things in Huaxia are more expensive until now. 】
[Anything, as long as it is linked to the word "import", it is not cheap. I really didn't expect that there was such a thing as import in that era. Do these Persians count?
Flash purchasing?】
【We don't produce blue and white porcelain, we are just porters of blue and white porcelain, right?】
Fang Yang said with a smile: "Yuan blue and white flowers are very expensive, and they are not for ordinary people at all."
"However, the kings and nobles at that time spared no expense to purchase large quantities of silk, which is a bit like the silk we talked about some time ago. 11
"So, at present, the place with the largest collection of Yuan blue and white flowers in the world is the Topikap Palace.
"They also used blue and white porcelain plates to decorate mosques and palaces. Most of the 32 Yuan blue and white porcelain plates in Iran's Tehran Museum came from the Adibir Mausoleum Mosque."
"Among them, there is an opinion that the Yuan blue and white phoenix miscellaneous treasure pattern plate has a diameter of 57.3 centimeters, which is very shocking."
"Imagine, if you put this up for auction, how much you can sell, at least in my opinion, it won't be lower than Chasing Han Xin under the Moon."
"Besides, none of the other yuan blue and white markets are below 40.
"A bowl costs 30 taels. Imagine how much such a large blue and white dish costs."